Optical Transmitter
LED (Light Emitting Diode), LD (Laser Diode ), IL (Injection Laser), laser.

Optical Receiver
Avalanche Photo Diode (APD), P intrinsic N Diode (PIN-diode).

Fiber Optic cable
Step index or graded index, single or multi node glass, plastic clad silica, plastic connector SC, DIN, Straight Tail (ST), SMA, Fiber Optic Connector (FOC), Bionic.

Connectors
Mechanics, Thermal.

Accecories
T_connector, star connector, through connector, coupling.

Pigtail
Along the fiber optic cable with a connector on one end and the end the other is connected.

Patchcord
Along fiber optic cable with connectors on each end.

Coupler and Branches
Tools for graft light into two or more, Wavelength multiplexer.











System communication fiber opticFig1. System communication fiber optic.

Applications of fiber optics is not replaceable by the media other transmission. Because it can send data with the big bandwidth and have some advantages:

o cable and has a small capacity which is very large.
o Lightweight and flexible (not limited).
o There is no influence of electrical.
o Have a very long distance.
o High Security.
o Can be updated in the cable itself, to bring their own voltage.
o Safe from the explosion.
o No electro-mechanical interference.
o No crosstalk.
o No noise.

Bit data and distance















Fig2. Bit data and distance.